JOHN MCWHORTER FEBRUARY 20, 2009
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So what does our new Attorney General Eric Holder mean when he says that we are "a nation of cowards" for avoiding "frank conversations" about race?
The meanings we intend often correspond only fitfully to dictionary definitions. If someone asks "Do you have the time?" technically it would be answering the question to just say "Yes" and walk on. But there is a convention that "Do you have the time?" is taken as a request for the time to be shared.
Calls like Holder's that we need to have "conversations" about race are coded in the same way (a book-length example of the "conversation" conviction is Beverly Daniel Tatum's Can We Talk About Race? published in 2007). Nominally, a conversation is simply an exchange of impressions. What people taking Holder's line mean is something more specific.
One might ask them: To what extent will this conversation entail whites saying that they are tired of being called racists and being policed for ever more abstract shades of racist bias, with blacks acknowledging this and resolving to do it as little as possible?
Many would answer "not at all," others "very little." Virtually no respondents would see the "conversation" as incomplete without the above.
Now, we might ask the same people: To what extent will this "conversation" entail blacks teaching whites about institutional racism, ensuring them that black people still experience racism, and that our having a black president doesn't mean that white people are "off the hook?"
I suspect most would answer "to a massive extent," and that the vast majority of respondents would see the "conversation" as incomplete without a substantial degree of the above. This would embody the lion's share of the "frankness" in this conversation, presumably.
After all, if Holder were really interested in a "conversation" on race, he would understand that America is engaged in one year-round. The claim that America "doesn't want to talk about race" is hardly uncommon, and has a dramatic tang. However, take the past few years: Don Imus, Michael Richards, Jena, and of course, the coverage of Barack Obama's campaign, which included white reporters diligently smoking out whites who insisted they wouldn't vote for a black President.
A Martian observer--or a modern Tocqueville--would readily see that America was rather obsessed with race. Certainly we are an America ardently "conversing" about it year-round. What Holder wants is not a conversation but a conversion.
Holder allows that race is addressed "politically," but regrets that we do not "talk" about it one-on-one. Never mind that it is unclear how we know what people are not talking about nationwide. More to the point, Holder would presumably be unsatisfied by exchange as it happens among real people, in real life. He accuses whites of being "cowards" on the subject--though clearly no one would fear exchange in itself ("Gosh, I don't know if I can handle talking about Jeremiah Wright"). The conversations, then, are supposed to be teach-ins.
This idea of a "conversation" (conversion) on race forever just out of reach is interesting in an intellectual sense. However, all evidence is that the only conversation that's going to happen already is. It is a sometimes messy exchange, conservative and liberal going head-to-head, gradually settling on a centrist position.
Namely, racism must be reviled, the government can do things to help people, but much of what ails black people today is too abstractly connected to racism for whites to feel guilty about it anymore. That centrist position is no longer heresy among an ever-growing number of blacks or whites, and is underscored by a black man running the United States.
The idea that black uplift requires a Very Special kind of "conversation" in 2009 entails a hothouse fragility antithetical to any coherent conception of black strength. This was highlighted the morning Holder made his speech, as Al Sharpton was planning a protest against The New York Post for a cartoon in which a policeman comments, upon seeing the chimpanzee who mauled a woman in Connecticut shot dead, that now someone else would have to write the stimulus bill.
Sharpton thinks the implication is that Barack Obama is a chimpanzee. Obama did not, himself, compose the bill, of course. But besides that, if George Bush were still at the helm, Sharpton would have been otherwise engaged Wednesday morning. The issue is, as always, that we have to so very, very careful when the descendants of African slaves are involved.
It is unclear to me what purpose this brand of sensitivity serves. You must joke with us delicately. You must engage in ticklish "conversations" with us about what's wrong with you. So delicate we are, so freighted with legacies, ever blinking in the light. This is what Black History Month is for?
I suspect those who call for this "conversation" know the claim has become more gestural than concrete. Otherwise, they would state their case directly rather than asking to "talk." Really, who is imagining a goal, an endpoint after this "conversation"? What, or who, would determine that we had finally "talked" enough?
If white people are cowards for not wanting to be called racists, there is a fear as well in people like Holder. It's not pretty to face that black people will excel, like everyone else, under less-than-perfect conditions. This "conversation" would be social history playing out quite perfectly--but history is never that consummately fair. The Civil Rights revolution was close enough to perfect, and Barack Obama's election was even closer. Now, it's time not for a callisthenic "conversation," but for making our way in reality.
7 comments
Where did all the comments go? There were many of them here a couple of days ago.
- kerFuFFler
February 24, 2009 at 1:49pm
You're probably thinking of this:
www.tnr.com/.../story.html
That's an article, which is different from this blog post, even though they have basically the same content. Right?
- johnalthousecohen
February 25, 2009 at 9:35am
From a different thread on the same article
1. Basman:
What a confusion and how inapprpriate is Holder’s speech.
I’d need somebody to delineate its clear and coherent line of argument.
He notes that de jure America is fundamentally different than it was 55 years ago. He notes that race related issues form a significant portion of the American political discussion. He notes that the races have “melded” well in the work place. He says the civil rights movement forced Americans to examine their “basic beliefs and long held views”. He says, “…Separate public facilities, separate entrances, poll taxes, legal discrimination, forced labor, in essence an American apartheid, all were part of an America that the movement destroyed…The civil rights movement made America, if not perfect, better.” He says the civil rights movement nourished the social movements of the latter half of the twentieth century in America and the fight for equal treatment. He notes that he and others of his generation have done well in America owing to the great achievements of those blacks on whose shoulders they stand.
So what makes Americans, “…in too many ways, a nation of cowards”? It is, it seems, that de facto, as has been noted on this thread, people seem to stick to their own race and class, that people don’t open up enough to each other and have real conversations about race and racial issues, don’t press each other enough across racial lines to know each other better, that “…America… is more prosperous, more positively race conscious and yet is voluntarily socially segregated.” And what does Holder look forward to? He looks to “…hasten the day when the dream of individual, character based, acceptance can actually be realized.” And what will he do in aid of that? “..(T)his Department of Justice, as long as I am here, must - and will - lead the nation to the "new birth of freedom" so long ago promised by our greatest President. This is our duty and our solemn obligation.”
So your country has made great legal strides forward on racial matters to the point where Holder says it is “if not perfect better.” The work place, a predominate social institution in peoples’ lives, is “melded”. People along the way have gone through fundamental introspection and changed fundamentally in the result. While there is underclass blight that cannot be gainsaid, America has prospered including American blacks which has ascended in large numbers into the middle class. So what does the Department of Justice have to do with how people choose to spend their private time? Is he going to enforce laws forcing people to discuss intensely affirmative action, to really get to know each other? So, really, what “new birth of freedom” is he going to lead “the nation” to? How will he do it? Can he do it? What, exactly, is his “duty and solemn obligation?
In short, he has conflated de jure and de facto issues, and the Department of Justice seems stuck in his conceptual sludge. By the way, the de jure changes Holder points to make a hell of a difference 55 years later to Saturdays and Sundays in America.
As well, even de facto, Holder never mentions the rise of in inter-racial marriage over the past fifty years, a good indication of changed attitudes . In 1945, inter racial couples were a rarity. Today, it nary raises an eyebrow, particularly and increasingly amongst Xers and their successor generations.
And this goes to an important flaw in Holder’s reasoning. He says that insufficient de facto attention to race:
“...in the face of the most significant demographic changes that this nation has ever confronted- and remember, there will be no majority race in America in about fifty years- the coming diversity that could be such a powerful, positive force will, instead, become a reason for stagnation and polarization. We cannot allow this to happen and one way to prevent such an unwelcome outcome is to engage one another more routinely- and to do so now.”
Not only does inter marriage contradict his concern, but on what conceivable theory can he see the stagnation of and polarization of America 50 years hence? There will be no racial majority. Why won’t time’s passing lessen the racial issues, de- intensify black white issues and make for a more melting pot America. And what can the Attorney General and the Department of Justice do about it anyway?
In contrast to Holder’s speech I recommend this essay: www.theamericanscholar.org/the-end-of-the-black-american-narrative
Finally, I have come to admire Obama a great deal, more so with each passing day. But I have never thought his race speech, save for it as political theater and a political instrument designed to deal with a discrete problem, was a particularly great statement about race in America, and I have read it a number of times. But it is eloquent, thoughtful, articulate and coherent. And compared to Holder’s speech being mooted here, it takes on the stature of the Gettysburg Address.
_______________________________________________________
2. Dhurtado:
Mr. Basman, our nation remains largely segregated along racial lines except perhaps in the workplace. There remain signficant racial disparities, e.g., economic disparities, the "achievement gap," disproportionate number of black males in prison, etc. There still are large segregated areas of America's cities in which blacks (and Hispanics) live in subcultures of poverty and violence. There is no particular reason to believe that any of that will be ameliorated, and that the races will start integrating socially, simply because America's racial groups may eventually become relatively equal in size. As to your statement that interracial marriage barely raises an eyebrow anymore, that is not consistent with my experience at all. I live in a community that is known for its diversity, and I know firsthand that there are interracial couples who have moved to my community because they believe they and their children would be subjected to hostility and ostracization in many other American communities. So we need to be careful about making generalizations based solely on our personal experience. I grant you that it is not clear how Holder could address any of these issues as AG. But the general reaction to Holder's comments has not been that he is right, but there is nothing he can do about it as AG. Among those who have reacted negatively, the general reaction has been that there really is no problem anymore. Which proves his point.
_________________________________________________________________
3. Basman:
Dhurtado:
The deeply grievous problems to which you point have very little to do with Holder’s speech. While he nods to the black underclass, it is an epiphenomenon in the vision of America he asserts—one of fundamental de jure progress; one of ascending black prosperity; one of work place acceptability-an America, if not perfect, better, in his words.
You are emphasizing a different America, and a different black America. The problems you point to, sad to say, will not be resolved by more candid inter racial conversations—would they could be. Increased social integration will not solve the problem of the black and brown underclass in America. That problem bespeaks something terribly dysfunctional amongst poor blacks, a kind of cultural cancer. Government needs to what it can to lend a hand, and to try to help overcome such seemingly intractable dysfunction, but the Great Society infusion of money will not solve the problem, never mind more candid conversations between middle class and upper middle class folks. It may be that blacks need to have more “honest conversations” amongst themselves, like the kind Bill Cosby, Alvin Poussaint, John Mcwhorter, Shelby Steele, Thomas Sowell, Michael Steele, Juan Williams, Barack Obama—sometimes, urge on blacks.
And in these terms, the cowards are the race hustlers who never saw a grievance they couldn’t magnify, a victimhood they couldn’t exploit. You know who they are. When you say that you don’t know how Holder could address these problems as A.G., you point to a fundamental misconception informing his misconceived speech. But you suffer from a similar species of confusion if you think that his speech had anything to do with the problems you refer to, or that his solutions for diminishing self segregation have anything to do with them.
___________________
- basman
February 26, 2009 at 3:55pm
Try again:
1. basman
What a confusion and how inapprpriate is Holder’s speech.
I’d need somebody to delineate its clear and coherent line of argument.
He notes that de jure America is fundamentally different than it was 55 years ago. He notes that race related issues form a significant portion of the American political discussion. He notes that the races have “melded” well in the work place. He says the civil rights movement forced Americans to examine their “basic beliefs and long held views”. He says, “…Separate public facilities, separate entrances, poll taxes, legal discrimination, forced labor, in essence an American apartheid, all were part of an America that the movement destroyed…The civil rights movement made America, if not perfect, better.” He says the civil rights movement nourished the social movements of the latter half of the twentieth century in America and the fight for equal treatment. He notes that he and others of his generation have done well in America owing to the great achievements of those blacks on whose shoulders they stand.
So what makes Americans, “…in too many ways, a nation of cowards”? It is, it seems, that de facto, as has been noted on this thread, people seem to stick to their own race and class, that people don’t open up enough to each other and have real conversations about race and racial issues, don’t press each other enough across racial lines to know each other better, that “…America… is more prosperous, more positively race conscious and yet is voluntarily socially segregated.” And what does Holder look forward to? He looks to “…hasten the day when the dream of individual, character based, acceptance can actually be realized.” And what will he do in aid of that? “..(T)his Department of Justice, as long as I am here, must - and will - lead the nation to the "new birth of freedom" so long ago promised by our greatest President. This is our duty and our solemn obligation.”
So your country has made great legal strides forward on racial matters to the point where Holder says it is “if not perfect better.” The work place, a predominate social institution in peoples’ lives, is “melded”. People along the way have gone through fundamental introspection and changed fundamentally in the result. While there is underclass blight that cannot be gainsaid, America has prospered including American blacks which has ascended in large numbers into the middle class. So what does the Department of Justice have to do with how people choose to spend their private time? Is he going to enforce laws forcing people to discuss intensely affirmative action, to really get to know each other? So, really, what “new birth of freedom” is he going to lead “the nation” to? How will he do it? Can he do it? What, exactly, is his “duty and solemn obligation?
In short, he has conflated de jure and de facto issues, and the Department of Justice seems stuck in his conceptual sludge. By the way, the de jure changes Holder points to make a hell of a difference 55 years later to Saturdays and Sundays in America.
As well, even de facto, Holder never mentions the rise of in inter-racial marriage over the past fifty years, a good indication of changed attitudes . In 1945, inter racial couples were a rarity. Today, it nary raises an eyebrow, particularly and increasingly amongst Xers and their successor generations.
And this goes to an important flaw in Holder’s reasoning. He says that insufficient de facto attention to race:
“...in the face of the most significant demographic changes that this nation has ever confronted- and remember, there will be no majority race in America in about fifty years- the coming diversity that could be such a powerful, positive force will, instead, become a reason for stagnation and polarization. We cannot allow this to happen and one way to prevent such an unwelcome outcome is to engage one another more routinely- and to do so now.”
Not only does inter marriage contradict his concern, but on what conceivable theory can he see the stagnation of and polarization of America 50 years hence? There will be no racial majority. Why won’t time’s passing lessen the racial issues, de- intensify black white issues and make for a more melting pot America. And what can the Attorney General and the Department of Justice do about it anyway?
In contrast to Holder’s speech I recommend this essay: www.theamericanscholar.org/the-end-of-the-black-american-narrative
Finally, I have come to admire Obama a great deal, more so with each passing day. But I have never thought his race speech, save for it as political theater and a political instrument designed to deal with a discrete problem, was a particularly great statement about race in America, and I have read it a number of times. But it is eloquent, thoughtful, articulate and coherent. And compared to Holder’s speech being mooted here, it takes on the stature of the Gettysburg Address.
_____________________________________________________________
2. dhurtado:
Mr. Basman, our nation remains largely segregated along racial lines except perhaps in the workplace. There remain signficant racial disparities, e.g., economic disparities, the "achievement gap," disproportionate number of black males in prison, etc. There still are large segregated areas of America's cities in which blacks (and Hispanics) live in subcultures of poverty and violence. There is no particular reason to believe that any of that will be ameliorated, and that the races will start integrating socially, simply because America's racial groups may eventually become relatively equal in size. As to your statement that interracial marriage barely raises an eyebrow anymore, that is not consistent with my experience at all. I live in a community that is known for its diversity, and I know firsthand that there are interracial couples who have moved to my community because they believe they and their children would be subjected to hostility and ostracization in many other American communities. So we need to be careful about making generalizations based solely on our personal experience. I grant you that it is not clear how Holder could address any of these issues as AG. But the general reaction to Holder's comments has not been that he is right, but there is nothing he can do about it as AG. Among those who have reacted negatively, the general reaction has been that there really is no problem anymore. Which proves his point.
__________________________________________________
3. Basman:
to dhurtado:
The deeply grievous problems to which you point have very little to do with Holder’s speech. While he nods to the black underclass, it is an epiphenomenon in the vision of America he asserts—one of fundamental de jure progress; one of ascending black prosperity; one of work place acceptability-an America, if not perfect, better, in his words. You are emphasizing a different America, and a different black America.
The problems you point to, sad to say, will not be resolved by more candid inter racial conversations—would they could be. Increased social integration will not solve the problem of the black and brown underclass in America. That problem bespeaks something terribly dysfunctional amongst poor blacks, a kind of cultural cancer. Government needs to what it can to lend a hand, and to try to help overcome such seemingly intractable dysfunction, but the Great Society infusion of money will not solve the problem, never mind more candid conversations between middle class and upper middle class folks.
It may be that blacks need to have more “honest conversations” amongst themselves, like the kind Bill Cosby, Alvin Poussaint, John Mcwhorter, Shelby Steele, Thomas Sowell, Michael Steele, Juan Williams, Barack Obama—sometimes, urge on blacks. And in these terms, the cowards are the race hustlers who never saw a grievance they couldn’t magnify, a victimhood they couldn’t exploit. You know who they are.
When you say that you don’t know how Holder could address these problems as A.G., you point to a fundamental misconception informing his misconceived speech. But you suffer from a similar species of confusion if you think that his speech had anything to do with the problems you refer to, or that his solutions for diminishing self segregation have anything to do with them.
_______________________________________________________________
- basman
February 26, 2009 at 4:09pm
article.nationalreview.com
- basman
February 27, 2009 at 3:58am
This idea that Sonia Sotomayor’s line that a “wise Latina woman” has an advantage in judging over a white
- Anonymous
June 9, 2009 at 3:02am
Gates-gate is the culmination of one of those occasional spates of race-related events that occur and
- Anonymous
July 26, 2009 at 2:15pm