THE PLANK SEPTEMBER 26, 2007
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Yesterday, Rick Perlstein wrote a post in which he contrasted the way America greeted Ahmadinejad this week with the way we greeted Nikita Khrushchev in 1959. Ahmadinejad, of course, was met with sharp denunciations from politicians, activists, even his host at Columbia, Lee Bollinger--whom Perlstein accused of "whin[ing] like a baby bereft of his pacifier that his guest is a big meany poopy-head." By contrast, Perlstein writes, Khrushchev--who, like Ahmadinejad today, was an enemy of our country when he visited--was treated to a white-tie state dinner, an open limo ride with President Eisenhower, and tours of Manhattan, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Perlstein's point is that 1950s America was more mature than contemporary America. "Nikita Khrushchev," he writes, "simply visited a nation that had character. ... Now when a bad guy crosses our threshhold, America becomes a pants-piddling mess." He called his post "Bed-wetter Nation."
This is, frankly, an astonishing sentiment coming from a liberal. Now, it's true that, as Perlstein points out, one reason for the difference between 1959 and today is the rise in prominence of a certain brand of conservatism that thrives on promoting fear. Moreover, clearly some of the responses to Ahmadinejad's visit have been hysterical. Whatever you think of Columbia's decision to host the Iranian leader, calls by people like Duncan Hunter to cut off federal funding to the university are obviously ridiculous, and should be treated as such.
At the same time, does it not occur to Perlstein that there are other key differences between 1950s America and contemporary America? For starters, human rights is much more central to the way we think about geopolitics today than it was back then: We simply know more, and care more, about the internal character of foreign regimes. Yes, Americans in the 1950s were aware that the Soviet Union was a repressive place. But, today, thanks to the web, thanks to the heroic efforts of journalists to infiltrate closed societies, thanks to groups like Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, the average American has access to detailed information about the ugly way regimes like Iran treat dissidents, women, gays, and religious minorities--the types of details that a typical consumer of news didn't have about the Soviet Union in the 1950s. (See, for example, this photo of gay teenagers being hanged in Iran; or this description of women being beaten in a Tehran square.) As the world has gotten smaller, empathy has become more natural; and simply looking the other way in the face of faraway injustice has gotten that much harder. Knowledge of what authoritarian regimes are busy doing to their own people makes it understandably difficult for Americans to roll out a clubby red carpet for the leaders who perpetrate such crimes. This, fundamentally, is progress.
There is another way in which America has changed since Khrushchev's visit, and it too helps explain why Ahmadinejad was greeted so critically this week: We are today a more open society than we were in the 1950s--less preoccupied with decorum, less inclined towards self-censorship for the sake of civility, less deferential towards authority. Civility, of course, is nice, but one of the casualties of civility is often truth. And I think it's fair to say that our culture's general disposition towards the tradeoff between truth and civility has changed since the 1950s--tipping further in the direction of truth and away from civility. This, too, has been a good thing. America in the 1950s was a place where it might have been considered rude for a university president to attack a visiting foreign leader for his government's cruel policies towards its own citizens. It was also a place where it was considered rude to discuss race (even though apartheid conditions still prevailed in half the country) and gender (even though women remained trapped in a de jure and de facto sexist culture that severely constricted their life choices). Obviously, one of the great achievements of the 1960s generation was to begin dismantling the barriers that prevented minorities and women from integrating fully into American life. But a related, and perhaps even larger, achievement was to start pushing our culture away from the sort of instincts--a preference for decorum over honesty, for self-censorship over confrontation--that had made too many people complicit in these injustices for too long. Perlstein seems to think this change has made our society more childish. I would argue it has made us more liberal.
Of course there are people who want the United States to go to war with Iran, and who therefore had their own set of reasons for giving Ahmadinejad a rude reception this week. I am, emphatically, not one of those people. But does opposing war with Iran really require liberals to act politely towards an illiberal monster like Ahmadinejad--to overlook his repression of dissidents, his sponsorship of terrorism, his fanatical anti-semitism? Does Perlstein really think we would be better off if we lived in a country where people declined to confront foreign leaders when they behaved badly? I'd be curious to know. Because there is a word for people who romanticize the surface comity that characterized the 1950s; who long for the days when politics was a polite game of chess conducted by a club of world leaders, before pests like human rights groups showed up to complicate great-power relations; who believe that maturity means looking the other way while the strong do terrible things to the weak; and who disparage the instinct to speak out against injustice as a childish impulse of bed-wetters. Those people are called ... conservatives. --Richard Just
42 comments
It is possible to convey extreme reproof without resorting to name-calling, as Bollinger did. A polite 30-second intro along the lines of "Thank you for coming, Mr. President" would not in any way have hampered the hard questioning of the next hour, where Ahmadinejad managed quite ably to hang himself. We have, in daily life as well as in politics, become a nation that mistakes rudeness for honesty, where it is considered ok to tell a stranger, "Hey, that dress makes you look fat," as long as the dress does indeed make her look fat - "Dude, I was just being honest!" You are correct that conservatives do recognize that mistake, and the better class of conservatives are able to maintain a polite smile and a courteous mode of speech while tearing an enemy to shreds. That does make them more adult, and it is one of the things I like about them.
- dhauck
September 27, 2007 at 4:50am
dhauck, Thank you for expressing something I have believed and have always practiced--to be courteous to a despicable person does not mean one agrees with him.
- cd024
September 27, 2007 at 5:15am
According 1st amendment rights to a foreign tyrant seems like a stunt to get attention. They sure scooped other universities with this entrepreneurial idea.
- satyendra
September 27, 2007 at 8:00am
The point of Columbia's invitation was to have it both ways with a faculty that is badly split on Middle Eastern matters. To avoid Larry Summers' fate, Bollinger needed to appear respectful of the significant group of Islamist appeasers on his faculty, while not becoming one of them. A year ago, the faculty invitation to Ahmadinejad was withdrawn; this year, Bollinger tried to come up with a more creative response.
- kyoung
September 27, 2007 at 8:26am
I am normally with the "being polite matters" crowd. I've always hated it, for example, when students get up and harangue a speaker in the guise of asking a "question." It's rude not just to the speaker, but also to the other members of the audience, who are there to hear the guest and not one of their self-important, holier-than-thou classmates. I suppose one might apply that logic to the Bollinger-Ahmadinejad situation ... Or not. Ahmadinejad may not be a dictator in a literal sense, but he's one of the most radically conservative figures in a repressive, theocratic government that appears in its darker moments to be under the sway of a martyerdom cult (of which Ahmadinejad is one of the leaders). Bollinger spearheaded the effort to bring Ahmadinejad to Columbia; and he gave him ample time to rebut every charge that Bollinger made in his short, calm introduction. (Hardly a "rant," as you'll know if you've seen the video.) Giving Ahmadinejad a forum to express himself at length without interruption was appropriate -- but that is the only courtesy he deserves.
- Bowdoin
September 27, 2007 at 8:34am
No arguments that Ahmedinejad is a bad guy, with negative views toward homosexuals, women, liberals, atheists, agnostics, and non-Moslems. Confronting someone on those issues is fine. But when you invite someone, even an enemy, as your guest, you should treat them as a guest and use some tact, diplomacy and empathy. Our leaders and media certainly do so when dealing with other leaders that hold views anathema to ours, and many that have committed crimes as bad as Ahmadinejad. Plenty of our Saudi and Egyptian and other Arab allies have rather negative views of Jews and do or condone horrible things toward their people or their enemies. And they are given the red-carpet diplomatic treatment. On a different day, you could convince me to kill Ahmadinejad, but today I say, we didn't act maturely as a nation, and if you invite someone to talk, even someone with what you consider a crazy view, you should not start out with insults. Unless you're on some day-time Jerry Springer style talk show. By the way, there are probably many Americans that would be very comfortable with some of Ahmadinejad's attitudes toward gays and and to a lesser extent toward women. Furthermore, while the type of Justice (and/or oppression) meted out by Ahmadinejad may seem "evil" to us, it is in accordance with his belief-system, and despite his hateful rhetoric, he may not be such a bad or evil man, as a confused man, much as many of our own conservatives are. I think Perlstein was right.
- toddwpeterson
September 27, 2007 at 8:59am
The notion that Americans must cover someone with abuse to register their disapproval is absurd. That should go without saying. As for Americans being smarter these days...are we sure about that? Sure, the average American has access to all sorts of information about human rights abuses in Iran, but how many Americans actually take advantage of that access? Let's face it, Americans know a lot more about Paris Hilton's various social diseases than they do about the internal nature of the Iranian regime. Perlstein was right. The bed-wetters were, as usual, wrong.
- Fairfax
September 27, 2007 at 9:26am
Rick Perlstein is a self-hating American. He subconsciously, if not even consciously, believes the United States screwed the Iranian people. Ahmadinejad is merely a reminder of our nastiness. Perlstein is on record denying Islamic nihilism is really that serious of a problem. No, we are allegedly overreacting because of the nefarious influences of the neoconservatives. When everything is said and done, Ahmadinejad is a victim of American imperialism.
- thomsondavid
September 27, 2007 at 10:23am
I hope it was all staged: Invite Ahmadinejad, disagree with him in public, and then give him a chance to open his mouth and prove what kind of person he is. Works for me.
Why do you think that Bush refuses to hold very few press conferences? It reduces the chances that Bush will prove that he is a fool. Every world leader should have to go somewhere and defend themselves in front of people that aren't afraid. It isn't going to happen in Iran. If Columbia is going to volunteer, I'm all for it.
I also agree with Noam, all this kind of courtesy does is allow people to get away with things they shouldn't. I don't think it's rude at all to tell someone they're wrong, and neither do any of you, or you wouldn't be posting on TNR. It's much more rude and dangerous to let someone go ahead and do what they are going to do anyway.
- anonevent
September 27, 2007 at 10:39am
there are also other crucial differences between Iran and the USSR. We had diplomatic relations with the USSR, albeit chilly, they were a superpower who had been our ally in WW2, we were in a propaganda war with them (hence dazzling the world as we dazzled Kruschev). And it was a state affair. We have no diplomatic relations with Iran, his visit was a UN affair and visit to Columbia strictly a private one, Iran is only a regional power. We are not in a propaganda war with Iran, or at least one that has any relevance outside of the Muslim world. Iran was never our ally and has acted as our enemy for a generation. So in the end I think the comparison is basically pointless when the caveats are longer than the piece itself.
- blackton
September 27, 2007 at 10:51am
is a self-hating repubarab. He is on record as being in favor of financing Islamic nihilists by buying Arab oil through his denigration of conservation, alternative fuels, and cleaner air. He desires the enslavement of Americans to the Repubarab Bin Laden corp. When everything is said and done, he lusts for Iranian oil.
- blackton
September 27, 2007 at 10:56am
Bollinger was more Catholic than the Pope because he was getting ripped by the major media, so he showed off by being impolite to an invited guest. Bad form. Especially for the Ivies. They're so much smarter than all of us hoi polloi, don't you know. Blackie, what's with your latest anti-td rants? I can't believe he's worth the time to you.
- butchie b
September 27, 2007 at 11:25am
"Does Perlstein really think we would be better off if we lived in a country where people declined to confront foreign leaders when they behaved badly?" Yes, if these foreign tyrants are anti-Bush
- jacksondyer
September 27, 2007 at 11:44am
"Bollinger was more Catholic than the Pope because he was getting ripped by the major media, so he showed off by being impolite to an invited guest." You probably would have been polite to Hitler had he showed up at your College, wouldn't you?
- jacksondyer
September 27, 2007 at 11:45am